What is Copyright? Essay example -- Legal Issues, Ethics

What is Copyright? What is Fair Use? To all, these words are a meaning of protection. Ironically, sensation represents the law and the other is debatable under the law. Copyright.com best defines copyright in the United States as a form of protection provided by the government to the authors of received works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is purchasable to both published and unpublished works, regardless of the nationality or domicile of the author (Copyright Education 2011). The website continues on to say that graceful use is a uniquely U.S. concept, created by judges and enshrined in the law. Fair use recognizes that certain types of use of other peoples copyright protected works do not require the copyright holders imprimatur (Copyright Education 2011). Though there are four basic principles (which will be discussed later) that donjon fair use in check, it is still in reasonably of a gray arearelying on the will of a judge (should an allegation check to court) to determine whether or not copyright infringement is be committed. This is why it is important to know, as a teacher, what copyright infringement constitutes and how to be as legitimate as possible that one is at bottom the realm of fair use.As every teacher knows, sticking to whats in the textbook may not always be the desired path for instruction, but it is in all likelihood the nearst. Textbooks are purchased by each states Board of Education, and each district within that state chooses from the list of acceptable textbooks that the board permits to be taught. Therefore, each textbook in every classroom, though it is secure, is purchasedmaking it eligible to be taught in its entire... ...tries suffer protection to foreign works under certain conditions that maintain been greatly simplified by international copyright treaties and conventions (International Copyright 2010). Perhaps foreign cre ations are another area to consider when looking to incorporate copyrighted material into the classroom. So what really is safe for teachers to use? Essentially, teachers are left with this notion textbooks and semipublic domain appear to be the only truly safe routes for incorporating copyrighted material into non-profit classroom-use lesson planning without raising any eyebrows. This is not to say that curiosity should be curbed. If a teacher is interested in using a copyrighted material not purchased by the state or granted permission by the copyright holder, then he or she should look into whether or not they can obtain permission for non-profit classroom use. What is Copyright? Essay example -- sound Issues, EthicsWhat is Copyright? What is Fair Use? To all, these words are a meaning of protection. Ironically, one represents the law and the other is debatable under the law. Copyright.com best defines copyright in the United States as a form of protection prov ided by the government to the authors of original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is available to both published and unpublished works, regardless of the nationality or domicile of the author (Copyright Education 2011). The website continues on to say that fair use is a uniquely U.S. concept, created by judges and enshrined in the law. Fair use recognizes that certain types of use of other peoples copyright protected works do not require the copyright holders authorization (Copyright Education 2011). Though there are four basic principles (which will be discussed later) that keep fair use in check, it is still in somewhat of a gray arearelying on the will of a judge (should an allegation lead to court) to determine whether or not copyright infringement is being committed. This is why it is important to know, as a teacher, what copyright infringement constitutes and how to be as sure as possib le that one is within the realm of fair use.As every teacher knows, sticking to whats in the textbook may not always be the desired path for instruction, but it is probably the safest. Textbooks are purchased by each states Board of Education, and each district within that state chooses from the list of acceptable textbooks that the board permits to be taught. Therefore, each textbook in every classroom, though it is copyrighted, is purchasedmaking it eligible to be taught in its entire... ...tries offer protection to foreign works under certain conditions that have been greatly simplified by international copyright treaties and conventions (International Copyright 2010). Perhaps foreign creations are another area to consider when looking to incorporate copyrighted material into the classroom. So what really is safe for teachers to use? Essentially, teachers are left with this notion textbooks and public domain appear to be the only truly safe routes for incorporating copyrighted m aterial into non-profit classroom-use lesson planning without raising any eyebrows. This is not to say that curiosity should be curbed. If a teacher is interested in using a copyrighted material not purchased by the state or granted permission by the copyright holder, then he or she should look into whether or not they can obtain permission for non-profit classroom use.

The Chosen :: essays research papers

The ChosenA. Plot SummaryThe Chosen by Chaim Potok is set in the 1940s neighborhood of Brooklyn in Williamsburg. Two boys who live a few blocks from each other but in totally different environments forge a unique relationship. Reuven Malter, the give-and-take of an Orthodox Jewish scholar, and Danny Saunders, the brilliant son of a great Hasidic rabbi, meet for the first time in a baseball game between their two Jewish parochial schools.& adenineere9Reuven is hit in the eye with a ball hit by Danny and is kept in bed for almost a month. During this time, Reuven befriends Danny as he constantly visits him due to his guilt ab let out almost blinding Reuven. Danny comes to the hospital to chat with Reuven and occasionally talk about the war or his study of the Talmud. When Reuven gets out of the hospital, Danny brings him to his home for Shabbat and to meet his father. Reuven is overwhelmed by his fathers calm and stern manner of speaking to his son. Reuven finds out that Danny must become a rabbi and cannot become a psychologist like he wants. &9Reuven and Danny grow older and they get into the same college. Due to Reuvens father support for the creation of a Jewish assert, Dannys father, who thinks a Jewish state can only be created when the Messiah comes, forbids Danny to speak to Reuven. This goes on for a while before Dannys father accepts that a Jewish states is in the best divert of Jews everywhere and allows them to be friends again.&9In an emotional lecture, Dannys father finally acknowledges Dannys dream and allows him to pursue a career of being a psychologist. B.&9Thematic Discussion&9In The Chosen, Reuven Malter and Danny Saunders form a deep, if unlikely, friendship. This relationship develops over time and also greatly affects the young mens room development. They grow up in different environments and have different upbringings, but deep down inside, they have similar lives. &9Potok is able to full stop out how similar and diffe rent Danny and Reuvens lives are. Reuven has a very open relationship with his father. Dannys father only speaks to Danny when they are studying the Talmud. Danny accepts this reality while Reuven is very fazed by this. Reuven has a hard time coping with silence when his father has a heart attack and has stay in bed for many months " aggregate silence in the apartment was impossible for me to take, and I would go.

Characterization in Hamlet Essay -- GCSE English Literature Coursework

Characterization in Hamlet Are the characters in Shakespeares tragedy Hamlet round or flat, dynamic or static, consistent or inconsistent, presented mostly through showing or telling? This essay intends to outcome these and other questions regarding the characterization in this drama. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar in Hamlet A Man Who Thinks Before He Acts comment on the propensity of the Bard for well-rounded characters in Hamlet Much of the delight of modern readers, of course, comes from the study of the characters of the principal figures in the play, for Shakespeare has presented them in three-dimensional vividness. We feel that they are living beings with problems that are perennially human. If a modern man is not called upon, as Hamlet was, to avenge a murdered father, he nevertheless must face crises in his own spirit that remind him of Hamlets dilemma, and he recognizes in the mental attitudes of the various persons of the play attitudes that are familiar in eve ryday life. Everybody has encountered an Ophelia, a sweet just uninspiring girl dominated by her father and brother. And everybody has had to put up with a Polonius, full of conceit over his worldly wisdom and ever constitute to advise us with an unctuous clich. (62) Hamlet has over 20 characters with speaking roles and in occupations from king to grave-digger and in 20 different scenes and with a differentiation in speech, actions, etc. between every single individual character. Where else can such great variety in characterization be found? This aspect of the playwright is emphasized by Robert B. Heilman in The Role We Give Shakespeare But the Shakespeare completeness appears graspable and possessable ... ... of Delaware Press, 1992. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html West, Rebecca. A Court and World give by the Disease of Corruption. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT Yale University Press, 1957. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. Shakespeare. Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992. Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. Hamlet A Man Who Thinks Before He Acts. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Ed. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar. N. p. Pocket Books, 1958.

Eating Disorders - Body Image in the Media Essay -- Argumentative Pers

Body Image in the Media Plato once said, We behold beauty in the eye of the mind.... What some people consider beauty others whitethorn not. From the actresses that are shown on television, movies, models that are in magazines, and the pop stars that create hip and modern music videos, one could be under the impression that to be well-favored you must thin. Actresses such as Jennifer Aniston, Sarah Michelle Gheller, Clarista Flockheart, Courtney Cox and Debra Messing all stupefy staring roles in their own television shows and are all extremely thin. The audiences of these shows being in the main women and adolescent girls, what kind of message about body image are they sending out? The stars of Hollywood are considered to be the most beautiful and beauteous in the world. A vast majority of the population wants to have their bodies resemble those of the stars. These women and girls will go to extreme lengths have this happen. What these women dont understand is, these actresse s have professionals to help them weigh beautiful. They have professional hair and makeup artists, fashion experts to help them dress, and lighting experts to make the women glow on the screen. These actresses and models will go through painful formative surgeries to enhance their beauty because they feel as though they are not beautiful enough. Fashion magazines are filled with air brushed photos of emaciated models with breast implants (Schneider, Shelly 2). Not even famous actresses feel as though they are beautiful enough. I have never worked with a beautiful young fair sex who thought she was A) beautiful or B) thin enough. (Schumacher 1) This director, Joel Schumacher, has worked with actresses like Demi Moore, Julia Roberts and Sandra Bullock. ... ...the women who arent on television really do have it easier. Women who are not in the spotlight dont have to worry about thousands to millions of people looking and analyzing them. Women who are not in the spotlight do not ha ving people telling them they are over lading or not pretty enough to be televised. All females should appreciate each other for the special features that each of us possesses. If we could focus on the arbitrary instead of the negative maybe we could go help the problem of people having low self-esteem and body issues. Work Cited Children, Adolescents, and Television. Pediatrics. 107. (2001) 423-427 Erokan, Laney. Negative Body Image Influences have Disorders. Lycos Network. 30 Aug. 2000. <http//www.studentadvantage.lycos.com> Schenider, Karen S. Shelley Levitt. Mission Impossible. People. 3 June 1996. 64-73

The Impact Of Religious Settlers In Religious Times Essays -- essays r

The places where we live nowadays have not always been here. The way we live has not always been the same. In fact, very few places that existed back in the colonial times exist today. If they still exist, it is because of the success gained over the years gone by after the settlers came to the naked World. Settlers came to the New World in search of many things. They came in search of gold, they came for new lives, and they came for religious freedom. In England, during this time period, people were being judged, separated and persecuted on the priming coat of their religious beliefs. There were two groups of people that were unhappy with the Church. These groups came to be known as the Puritans and the Separatists. The Puritans are the people who are known to want to contribute changes within the Church of England. Then there were the Separatists, who were so disgusted with the Church of England that they just treasured out. They wanted to be recognized tot totallyy separate from it. angiotensin converting enzyme group, the Separatists. In 1609, a group of about 125 Separatists moved from England to Holland (a part of the Netherlands) because the Dutch had a policy of religious tolerance. They were able to practice religion how they wanted to, but they were uneasy about the thought of their children losing their English roots as time went on. So they came up with the idea of immigrating to the New World. Only about 30 wanted to voyage to Virginia, which was an unknown land to all. The Separatists sailed from Holland in 1620. This group was also known as the Pilgrims. The pilgrims are widely known for The First Thanksgiving as their offertory meal with the Native Americans. The Pilgrims goal was to establish a colony as a distinct body by themselves. And off they went for their voyage across sea, goals sight for just north of Jamestown. Unfortunately, they were blown off course, so when they finally got a glimpse of land, it was Cape Cod. It was the separatists that put together the Mayflower Compact, which was a legal basis recognizing James I as their king and it state that they would form a civil body politic, which would frame such just and equal laws for the good of all the people. A solemn agreement was made to abide by the compact, and it was signed before anyone got off the ship. Only men signed the document because women of that time were not cons... ...st everyone who believe that in order to be recognized in life, you had to abide by the religious rules. Puritans especially believed that they could make changes in the Church to fit the postulate of the members of the community. But what they did was just make the situation worse for the people who were already unhappy. The Separatists cut off all ties completely with the Church, because they were fed up with trying to vision with its strict rules and regulations. It is because of people like Roger Williams, John Wheelwright, and Thomas Hooker that we have some of the religions that we have today. It is also the factor of the colonies being where they are today. Everything that was done in the past by people like them, has had a prominent effect on todays society. It is because of the people from the past that gives the people the courage today to stand up for what they believe in. Without theses people, we would not have the great Martin Luther King, Jr., or other great people who made changes in history. We owe a great deal to their courage and their actions, because without them, we may not have some of the places, people, or ideas that we have today.

The Impact Of Religious Settlers In Religious Times Essays -- essays r

The places where we live today have not always been here. The way we live has not always been the same. In fact, very hardly a(prenominal) places that existed back in the colonial times exist today. If they still exist, it is because of the success gained over the years gone by after the settlers came to the New humankind. Settlers came to the New World in search of many things. They came in search of gold, they came for new lives, and they came for ghostly freedom. In England, during this time period, people were being judged, separated and persecuted on the basis of their religious beliefs. There were two groups of people that were unhappy with the perform. These groups came to be known as the Puritans and the Separatists. The Puritans are the people who are known to want to make changes within the Church of England. Then there were the Separatists, who were so disgusted with the Church of England that they vindicatory wanted out. They wanted to be recognized totally separat e from it. One group, the Separatists. In 1609, a group of about 125 Separatists moved from England to Holland (a part of the Netherlands) because the Dutch had a policy of religious tolerance. They were able to practice religion how they wanted to, but they were aflutter about the thought of their children losing their English roots as time went on. So they came up with the idea of immigrating to the New World. Only about 30 wanted to trip to Virginia, which was an unknown land to all. The Separatists sailed from Holland in 1620. This group was also known as the Pilgrims. The pilgrims are widely known for The First Thanksgiving as their offertory meal with the native Australian Americans. The Pilgrims goal was to establish a colony as a distinct body by themselves. And off they went for their voyage across sea, goals sighted for just trade union of Jamestown. Unfortunately, they were blown off course, so when they finally got a glimpse of land, it was Cape Cod. It was the sep aratists that put together the Mayflower Compact, which was a legal basis recognizing James I as their king and it state that they would form a civil body politic, which would frame such just and equal laws for the good of all the people. A unplayful agreement was made to abide by the compact, and it was signed before anyone got off the ship. Only men signed the document because women of that time were not cons... ...st everyone who believe that in order to be recognized in life, you had to abide by the religious rules. Puritans especially believed that they could make changes in the Church to fit the needs of the members of the community. But what they did was just make the situation worse for the people who were already unhappy. The Separatists cut off all ties completely with the Church, because they were fed up with trying to deal with its strict rules and regulations. It is because of people like Roger Williams, John Wheelwright, and Thomas Hooker that we have some of the re ligions that we have today. It is also the factor of the colonies being where they are today. Everything that was done in the past by people like them, has had a great effect on todays society. It is because of the people from the past that gives the people the courageousness today to stand up for what they believe in. Without theses people, we would not have the great Martin Luther King, Jr., or other great people who made changes in history. We owe a great deal to their courage and their actions, because without them, we may not have some of the places, people, or ideas that we have today.

Pie 123

1. Externaleconomiesof eggshellarisewhenthecostperwhole A. risesasthe laborgrowslarger. B. f altogethersastheindustrygrowslargerrisesasthe norm firmgrowslarger. C. fall downsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. D. remainsconstant. E. no(prenominal)oftheabove. resultB 2. Internaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunit A. risesastheindustrygrowslarger. B. fallsastheindustrygrowslarger. C. risesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. D. fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. E. Noneoftheabove. consequenceD 3. Externaleconomiesofscale A. aybeassociatedwitha short warlikeindustry. B. stomachnotbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. C. guidesto offspringinonehugemonopoly. D. tendstoresultinlarge geltforeachfirm. E. Noneoftheabove. resultA 4. Internaleconomiesofscale A. whitethornbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. B. cannotbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. C. argonassociatedonlywithsophisticatedproductssuchasaircraft. D. cannotformthe themeforinternationaltrade. E. Noneofthe above. serve upB 5. Amonopolisticfirm A. ansellasmuchasitwantsforany hurtitdeterminesinthe commercialise. B. cannotdeterminetheprice,whichisdeterminedbyconsumerdemand. C. willneversellaproductwhosedemandisinelasticatthe beatsold. D. cannotselladditionalquantityunlessitraisesthepriceoneachunit. E. Noneoftheabove. resolveC 7 6. Monopolisticcompetitionisassociatedwith A. cut-throatpricecompetition. B. productdifferentiation. C. explicitconsiderationatfirmlevelofthefeedback piecesofotherfirms pricingdecisions. D. loftyprofitmargins. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 29.Twocountriesengagedintradeinproductswithnoscaleeconomies,produced downstairsconditionsofperfectcompetition, be presumabletobeengagedin A. monopolisticcompetition. B. inter-industrytrade. C. intra-industrytrade. D. Heckscher-Ohlintrade. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 19. Amonopolyfirmengagedininternationaltradewill A. equateaveragetolocal be. B. equatemarginalcostswithforeignmarginalrevenues. C. equatemarginalcostswiththe mel utt erestpricethemarketwillbear. D. equatemarginalcostswithmarginalrevenuesinboth nationalandin foreignmarkets. E. Noneoftheabove.AnswerD 9. Wherethereareeconomiesofscale,thescaleofproductionpossibleina unpolished isconstrainedby A. thesizeofthecountry. B. thesizeofthetradingpartnerscountry. C. thesizeofthe municipalmarket. D. thesizeofthe national optimistic(p)theforeignmarket. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD Brown field , Green field 21. Afirminmonopolisticcompetition A. earns lordlymonopolyprofitsbecauseeachsellsadifferentiated product. B. earnspositiveoligopolyprofitsbecauseeachfirmsellsadifferentiated product.C. earnszerostintingprofitsbecauseitisinperfectlyorpurecompetition. D. earnszerostintingprofitsbecauseoffreeentry. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 16. Internationaltradebasedonscaleeconomiesislikelytobeassociatedwith A. Ricardian relative gain. B. relative degreeadvantageassociatedwithHeckscher-Ohlinfactor- proportions. C. comparativeadvantagebasedonqualityandservi ce. D. comparativeadvantagebasedondiminishingreturns. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerE Ch7- . Theeffective accountof protectionmeasures A. thetrueadvalorumvalueofa responsibility. B. thequotaequivalentvalueofaduty. C. theefficiencywithwhichthetariffis collectedatthecustomhouse. D. theprotectiongivenbythetariffto domestic helpvalueadded. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 1. Specifictariffsare A. effecttaxesstatedinspecificlegalstatutes. B. here and nowtaxescalculatedasafixedchargeforeachunitof meaningedgoods. C. importtaxescalculatedasa carve upofthevalueoftheimportedgoods. D. thesameasimportquotas. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB . Advaloremtariffsare A. importtaxesstatedinadsinindustrypublications. B. importtaxescalculatedasafixedchargeforeachunitofimportedgoods. A. importtaxescalculatedasafractionofthevalueoftheimportedgoods. B. thesameasimportquotas C. Noneoftheabove. AnswerC Themainredistributioneffectofatariffisthetransferofincomefrom A. domesticproducerstodomesticbuyers. B. domesticbuyerstod omesticproducers. C. domesticproducerstodomesticgovernment. D. domesticgovernmenttodomesticconsumers. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 21.Whichofthefol first-class honours degreeingpoliciespermitsaspecifiedquantityofgoodstobe importedatonetariffrateandahighertariffratetoimportsabovethisquantity? A. Importtariff B. Voluntaryexports restriction C. Tariffquota D. Advalorumtariff E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerC 22. Shouldthehomecountrybelargerelativetoitstradepartners,itsimpositionof atariffonimportswouldleadtoanincreaseindomesticwelfareifthetermsof thetraderectangleexceedthesumofthe A. revenueeffectplusredistributioneffect. B. protectiveeffectplusrevenueeffect. C. consumptioneffectplusredistributioneffect.D. protectivedistortioneffectplusconsumptiondistortioneffect. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD An import quota Is continuously more costly to a country than an import tariff. Has the same effects on welfare as an import tariff. Generates rents that might go to foreigners. Is always less costly to a c ountry than an import tariff. - - ? ? -Ch9- 27. Theimperfect gravidmarketjustificationforinfantindustrypromotion A. Assumesthatnewindustrieswilltendto paylowprofits. B.Assumesthatinfantindustrieswill shortmature. C. Assumesthatinfantindustrieswillbeinproductsofcomparative advantage. D. Assumesthatbankscanallocateresourcesefficiently. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 2. Sophisticatedtheoreticalargumentssupportingimport-substitutionpolicies include A. costoftradeeffects. B. Scaleeconomyarguments. C. Learningcurveconsiderations. D. Theproblemofappropriability. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 14. Which industrial enterprisepolicyusedbydevelopingcountriesplaces fiercenesson thecomparativeadvantageprincipleasaguidetoresourceallocation? A. exportpromotion.B. Importsubstitution. C. Internationalcommodityagreements. D. Infant sedulousnesspromotion. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 1. Theinfantindustryargumentwasanimportanttheoreticalbasisfor A. Neo-colonialist surmisalofinternationalexploitation. B. Importsubstitutingindustrialization. C. Historiographyoftheindustrial renewinginWesternEurope. D. East-Asianmiracle. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 6. Thewagedifferentialtheorywhicharguedthatshiftingresourcesfromagribusiness tomanufacturingentailedpositivesocialbenefitsimpliedthat A. Freetradepolicieswould conjure upcompetitiveness. B.Freetradepolicieswouldpromote frugalgrowthforbothstaticand dynamicreasons. C. Protectionismwaslikelytoleadtoeconomicstagnation. D. Protectionismandimportsubstitutionwaslikelytopromoteeconomic growth. AnswerD 12. Whichtradestrategyhavedevelopingcountriesusedtorestrictimportsof manufacturedgoodssothatthedomesticmarketispreservedforhomeproducers, who therefromcantakeovermarketsalreadyestablishedinthecountry? A. Internationalcommodityagreement. B. exportingpromotion. C. Multilateralcontract. D. Importsubstitution. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 18. ImportsubstitutionpoliciesmakeuseofA. Tariffsthatdiscouragegoodsfromenteringacountry. B. Quotasappliedtogoodsthat areshippedabroad. C. achievementsubsidiesgrantedtoindustrieswithcomparativeadvantage. D. Taxbreaksgrantedtoindustrieswithcomparativeadvantage. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 25. Theinfantindustryargumentisthat A. Comparativeadvantageisirrelevanttoeconomicgrowth B. growingcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantageinagriculturalgoods. C. Developingcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantageinmanufacturing. D. Developingcountrieshaveapotentialcomparativeadvantagein manufacturing. E. Noneoftheabove.AnswerD 26. Theinfantindustryargumentcallsforactivegovernment inquirement A. preciselyifthegovernmentforecastsareaccurate. B. Onlyifsomemarketfailurecanbeidentified. C. Onlyiftheindustryisnotonealreadydominatedbyindustrialcountries. D. Onlyiftheindustryhasahighvalueadded. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 30. Importsubstitutionpolicieshaveovertimetendedtoinvolveallbutthefollowing A. Overlappingimportquotas. B. Exchangecontrols. C. Domesticcontentrules. D. Simpletariffs. E. Multipleexchangerateschemes. AnswerD 35. The HPAE(High workAsianEconomies)countriesA. Haveallconsistentlysupportfreetradepolicies. B. Haveallconsistently kept up(p)import-substitutionpolicies. C. Haveallconsistentlymaintainednon-biasedefficientfreecapitalmarkets . D. Haveallmaintainedopennesstointernationaltrade. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD ================================ch11========================== 1. Theworldseconomiescanbe shared outinto quadmaincategoriesharmonizeto theiryearlyper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income, speeding middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. What course of instructionwouldPakistanand Indiafallunder? A.Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. turn downmiddle-income E. PakistanandIndiafallbetweenlower-middleandupper-middle AnswerA 2. Whilemanydevelopingcountrieshavereformedtheireconomiesinorderto imitatethesuccessofthesuccessfulindustrialeconomies,theprocessremains unelaboratedandmostdevelopingcountriestendtobecharacterizedbyallofthe followingexcept A. Seigniorage B. Controlofc apitalmovementsbylimitingforeignexchangeproceeding connectedwithtradeinassets. C. Useof born(p)resourcesoragriculturalcommoditiesasanimportantshare ofexports.D. Aworsejobofdirectingsavingstowardtheirmostefficientinvestment uses. E. Reduced corruptnessandpovertyduetolimitedundergroundmarkets. AnswerE 4. Comparedwithindustrializedeconomies,mostdevelopingcountriesarepoorin thefactorsofproductionessentialto sophisticatedindustryThesefactorsare A. capitaland goodlabor B. capitalandunskilledlabor C. fertile sphereandunskilledlabor D. fertilelandandskilledlabor E. waterandcapital AnswerA 5. Themainfactorsthatdiscourageinvestmentincapitalandskillsindeveloping countriesare A. olitical imbalance,insecure qualityrights B. politicalinstability,insecurepropertyrights,misguidedeconomicpolicies C. politicalinstability,misguidedeconomicpolicies D. politicalinstability E. insecurepropertyrights,misguidedeconomicpolicies AnswerB 6. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto their one-yearper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. Whatcategorywouldsub-Saharan Africafallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. overthrowmiddle-income E.Sub-SaharanAfricafallsbetweenlower-middleandupper-middle AnswerA 7. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. Whatcategorywouldmainland Chinafallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income AnswerB 8. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies.Whatcategorywouldthesmaller LatinAmericanandCaribbeancountriesfallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. SmallerLatinAmericanandCaribbeancountriesfallbetweenlowincome andlowermiddleincome AnswerD 9. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldtheSaudi Arabiafallsunder? A. Low-income B.Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. SaudiArabiafallsbetweenlowincomeandlowermiddleincome economies AnswerB 10. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldtheTurkey fallsunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. TurkeyfallsbetweenlowincomeandlowermiddleincomeeconomiesAnswerB 11. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldthePoland, Hungary,andtheCzechandSlovakRepublicsfallunder? A. Low-income B. Up permiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. Poland,Hungary,andtheCzechandSlovakRepublicsfallbetweenlow incomeandlowermiddleincomeeconomies AnswerBPie 1231. Externaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunit A. risesastheindustrygrowslarger. B. fallsastheindustrygrowslargerrisesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. C. fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. D. remainsconstant. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 2. Internaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunit A. risesastheindustrygrowslarger. B. fallsastheindustrygrowslarger. C. risesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. D. fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 3. Externaleconomiesofscale A. aybeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. B. cannotbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. C. tendstoresultinonehugemonopoly. D. tendstoresultinlargeprofitsforeachfirm. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 4. Internaleconomiesofscale A. maybeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry. B. cannotbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry . C. areassociatedonlywithsophisticatedproductssuchasaircraft. D. cannotformthebasisforinternationaltrade. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 5. Amonopolisticfirm A. ansellasmuchasitwantsforanypriceitdeterminesinthemarket. B. cannotdeterminetheprice,whichisdeterminedbyconsumerdemand. C. willneversellaproductwhosedemandisinelasticatthequantitysold. D. cannotselladditionalquantityunlessitraisesthepriceoneachunit. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerC 7 6. Monopolisticcompetitionisassociatedwith A. cut-throatpricecompetition. B. productdifferentiation. C. explicitconsiderationatfirmlevelofthefeedbackeffectsofotherfirms pricingdecisions. D. highprofitmargins. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 29.Twocountriesengagedintradeinproductswithnoscaleeconomies,produced underconditionsofperfectcompetition,arelikelytobeengagedin A. monopolisticcompetition. B. inter-industrytrade. C. intra-industrytrade. D. Heckscher-Ohlintrade. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 19. Amonopolyfirmengagedininternationaltradewill A. equateaveragetolo calcosts. B. equatemarginalcostswithforeignmarginalrevenues. C. equatemarginalcostswiththehighestpricethemarketwillbear. D. equatemarginalcostswithmarginalrevenuesinbothdomesticandin foreignmarkets. E. Noneoftheabove.AnswerD 9. Wherethereareeconomiesofscale,thescaleofproductionpossibleinacountry isconstrainedby A. thesizeofthecountry. B. thesizeofthetradingpartnerscountry. C. thesizeofthedomesticmarket. D. thesizeofthedomesticplustheforeignmarket. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD Brown field , Green field 21. Afirminmonopolisticcompetition A. earnspositivemonopolyprofitsbecauseeachsellsadifferentiated product. B. earnspositiveoligopolyprofitsbecauseeachfirmsellsadifferentiated product.C. earnszeroeconomicprofitsbecauseitisinperfectlyorpurecompetition. D. earnszeroeconomicprofitsbecauseoffreeentry. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 16. Internationaltradebasedonscaleeconomiesislikelytobeassociatedwith A. Ricardiancomparativeadvantage. B. comparativeadvantageassociatedwithHecksc her-Ohlinfactor- proportions. C. comparativeadvantagebasedonqualityandservice. D. comparativeadvantagebasedondiminishingreturns. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerE Ch7- . Theeffectiverateofprotectionmeasures A. thetrueadvalorumvalueofatariff. B. thequotaequivalentvalueofatariff. C. theefficiencywithwhichthetariffiscollectedatthecustomhouse. D. theprotectiongivenbythetarifftodomesticvalueadded. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 1. Specifictariffsare A. importtaxesstatedinspecificlegalstatutes. B. importtaxescalculatedasafixedchargeforeachunitofimportedgoods. C. importtaxescalculatedasafractionofthevalueoftheimportedgoods. D. thesameasimportquotas. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB . Advaloremtariffsare A. importtaxesstatedinadsinindustrypublications. B. importtaxescalculatedasafixedchargeforeachunitofimportedgoods. A. importtaxescalculatedasafractionofthevalueoftheimportedgoods. B. thesameasimportquotas C. Noneoftheabove. AnswerC Themainredistributioneffectofatariffisthetransferofincomefrom A. domesticpro ducerstodomesticbuyers. B. domesticbuyerstodomesticproducers. C. domesticproducerstodomesticgovernment. D. domesticgovernmenttodomesticconsumers. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 21.Whichofthefollowingpoliciespermitsaspecifiedquantityofgoodstobe importedatonetariffrateandahighertariffratetoimportsabovethisquantity? A. Importtariff B. Voluntaryexportsrestraint C. Tariffquota D. Advalorumtariff E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerC 22. Shouldthehomecountrybelargerelativetoitstradepartners,itsimpositionof atariffonimportswouldleadtoanincreaseindomesticwelfareifthetermsof thetraderectangleexceedthesumofthe A. revenueeffectplusredistributioneffect. B. protectiveeffectplusrevenueeffect. C. consumptioneffectplusredistributioneffect.D. protectivedistortioneffectplusconsumptiondistortioneffect. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD An import quota Is always more costly to a country than an import tariff. Has the same effects on welfare as an import tariff. Generates rents that might go to foreigners. Is always less cos tly to a country than an import tariff. - - ? ? -Ch9- 27. Theimperfectcapitalmarketjustificationforinfantindustrypromotion A. Assumesthatnewindustrieswilltendtohavelowprofits. B.Assumesthatinfantindustrieswillsoonmature. C. Assumesthatinfantindustrieswillbeinproductsofcomparative advantage. D. Assumesthatbankscanallocateresourcesefficiently. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 2. Sophisticatedtheoreticalargumentssupportingimport-substitutionpolicies include A. Termsoftradeeffects. B. Scaleeconomyarguments. C. Learningcurveconsiderations. D. Theproblemofappropriability. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 14. Whichindustrializationpolicyusedbydevelopingcountriesplacesemphasison thecomparativeadvantageprincipleasaguidetoresourceallocation? A. Exportpromotion.B. Importsubstitution. C. Internationalcommodityagreements. D. InfantIndustrypromotion. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 1. Theinfantindustryargumentwasanimportanttheoreticalbasisfor A. Neo-colonialisttheoryofinternationalexploitation. B. Import substitutingindustrialization. C. HistoriographyoftheindustrialrevolutioninWesternEurope. D. East-Asianmiracle. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 6. Thewagedifferentialtheorywhicharguedthatshiftingresourcesfromagriculture tomanufacturingentailedpositivesocialbenefitsimpliedthat A. Freetradepolicieswouldpromotecompetitiveness. B.Freetradepolicieswouldpromoteeconomicgrowthforbothstaticand dynamicreasons. C. Protectionismwaslikelytoleadtoeconomicstagnation. D. Protectionismandimportsubstitutionwaslikelytopromoteeconomic growth. AnswerD 12. Whichtradestrategyhavedevelopingcountriesusedtorestrictimportsof manufacturedgoodssothatthedomesticmarketispreservedforhomeproducers, whothuscantakeovermarketsalreadyestablishedinthecountry? A. Internationalcommodityagreement. B. Exportpromotion. C. Multilateralcontract. D. Importsubstitution. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD 18. ImportsubstitutionpoliciesmakeuseofA. Tariffsthatdiscouragegoodsfromenteringacountry. B. Quotasappliedtogoodsthatareshippedabroad. C. P roductionsubsidiesgrantedtoindustrieswithcomparativeadvantage. D. Taxbreaksgrantedtoindustrieswithcomparativeadvantage. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerA 25. Theinfantindustryargumentisthat A. Comparativeadvantageisirrelevanttoeconomicgrowth B. Developingcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantageinagriculturalgoods. C. Developingcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantageinmanufacturing. D. Developingcountrieshaveapotentialcomparativeadvantagein manufacturing. E. Noneoftheabove.AnswerD 26. Theinfantindustryargumentcallsforactivegovernmentinvolvement A. Onlyifthegovernmentforecastsareaccurate. B. Onlyifsomemarketfailurecanbeidentified. C. Onlyiftheindustryisnotonealreadydominatedbyindustrialcountries. D. Onlyiftheindustryhasahighvalueadded. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerB 30. Importsubstitutionpolicieshaveovertimetendedtoinvolveallbutthefollowing A. Overlappingimportquotas. B. Exchangecontrols. C. Domesticcontentrules. D. Simpletariffs. E. Multipleexchangerateschemes. AnswerD 35. TheHPAE(HighPerformanceAsianEcon omies)countriesA. Haveallconsistentlysupportedfreetradepolicies. B. Haveallconsistentlymaintainedimport-substitutionpolicies. C. Haveallconsistentlymaintainednon-biasedefficientfreecapitalmarkets . D. Haveallmaintainedopennesstointernationaltrade. E. Noneoftheabove. AnswerD ================================ch11========================== 1. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldPakistanand Indiafallunder? A.Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. PakistanandIndiafallbetweenlower-middleandupper-middle AnswerA 2. Whilemanydevelopingcountrieshavereformedtheireconomiesinorderto imitatethesuccessofthesuccessfulindustrialeconomies,theprocessremains incompleteandmostdevelopingcountriestendtobecharacterizedbyallofthe followingexcept A. Seigniorage B. Controlofcapitalmovementsbylimitingforeignexchangetransactions connectedwithtradeinassets. C. Useofnaturalresourcesoragriculturalcommoditiesasanimportantshare ofexports.D. Aworsejobofdirectingsavingstowardtheirmostefficientinvestment uses. E. Reducedcorruptionandpovertyduetolimitedundergroundmarkets. AnswerE 4. Comparedwithindustrializedeconomies,mostdevelopingcountriesarepoorin thefactorsofproductionessentialtomodernindustryThesefactorsare A. capitalandskilledlabor B. capitalandunskilledlabor C. fertilelandandunskilledlabor D. fertilelandandskilledlabor E. waterandcapital AnswerA 5. Themainfactorsthatdiscourageinvestmentincapitalandskillsindeveloping countriesare A. oliticalinstability,insecurepropertyrights B. politicalinstability,insecurepropertyrights,misguidedeconomicpolicies C. politicalinstability,misguidedeconomicpolicies D. politicalinstability E. insecurepropertyrights,misguidedeconomicpolicies AnswerB 6. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,uppe r middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. Whatcategorywouldsub-Saharan Africafallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E.Sub-SaharanAfricafallsbetweenlower-middleandupper-middle AnswerA 7. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. Whatcategorywouldmainland Chinafallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income AnswerB 8. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies.Whatcategorywouldthesmaller LatinAmericanandCaribbeancountriesfallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. SmallerLatinAmericanandCaribbeancountriesfallbetweenlowincome andlowermiddleincome AnswerD 9. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccord ingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldtheSaudi Arabiafallsunder? A. Low-income B.Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. SaudiArabiafallsbetweenlowincomeandlowermiddleincome economies AnswerB 10. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldtheTurkey fallsunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. TurkeyfallsbetweenlowincomeandlowermiddleincomeeconomiesAnswerB 11. Theworldseconomiescanbedividedintofourmaincategoriesaccordingto theirannualper-capitaincomelevelslow-income,lowermiddle-income,upper middle-incomeandhigh-incomeeconomies. WhatcategorywouldthePoland, Hungary,andtheCzechandSlovakRepublicsfallunder? A. Low-income B. Uppermiddle-income C. High-income D. Lowermiddle-income E. Poland,Hungar y,andtheCzechandSlovakRepublicsfallbetweenlow incomeandlowermiddleincomeeconomies AnswerB

Discussion of the Dispossession of Lolita’s sexuality in Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita

In the novel Lolita, the concept of sexuality is greatly emphasized by the author. It is apparent in the character of Lolita and Humber that one is in control over the other. Humbert possesses greater power over Lolita to make all her needs possible.On the other book Lolita uses sex as her air of gaining things that she desires. There is a big complex relationship surrounded by the tow since Lolita is in dis self-will of her sexuality and Humbert is in possession of it.The sexual relationship of the two main characters can be considered unnatural because Lolita is only on her 12 years. But since Lolita is in dispossession of her sexuality she concur to the consummation of their relationship although giving the consent to sexual relations with an old man is really no consent.She can by no means what so ever be held accountable for, or be said to legitimately consent to, the sexual relationship between the two. The question of power and control between the two main characters in Vl adimir Nabokovs Lolita is crucially linked to the fundamental weakness and vulnerability of both the erotically obsessed Humbert Humbert and the childish object of his obsession, Lolita herself.The counterbalance instance of Humberts attempting to bribe and pacify Lolita with material offerings occurs at the point in the narrative where she first base learns of her mothers death. This is also the point, following their first full-fledged sexual encounter, where Lolita initiates the practice of sardonic reference to the immorality and illegality of their relationship. She has actually suffered internal injury from their intercourse and does non yet seem to stick out a manipulative purpose for verbally goading her stepfather/lover.You chump, she said, sweetly smiling at me. You revolting creature. I was a daisy-fresh girl, and look what youve done to me. I ought to call the police and tell them you raped me. Oh, you dirty, dirty old man. (Nabokov 141)Humbert then informs her of C harlotte Hazes death. Lolitas grief and indignation are announced by the fact that in their next lodging they take separate rooms. Humbert has already cited a list of purchases he has made in hopes of mollifying hereverything from a box of candy to a journey clock to a new wardrobe of summer dresses. But it is her complete childish dependency and vulnerability that bring her to him.At the motel we had separate rooms, but in the middle of the night she came sobbing into mine, and we made it up very gently. You see, she had absolutely nowhere else to go (Nabokov 142)Lolita works hard in order to get her allowance. It is unrepresentative for her to do a work like that at her age because it means that she needs to have sex with him to get everything that she needs and wants. Humber will ask Lolita to consummate sexual favors for him so that he can give him allowance in return.This is one of the visible proofs that he is in control over her sexuality. The control is not only based on a psychological level but also on a physical level. Everything that she needs, from a simple candy or cartoon magazine and a put down to a movie house will not be easily granted if she will not manage any sexual encounter with Humbert. Although there are several times that she gains fulfillment by getting her desires, she is still in no control of the speckle or her sexuality.Her weekly allowance, paid to her under condition she fulfill her basic obligations, was twenty-one cents at the start of the Beardsley era-and went up to one dollar five earlier its end.This was more than generous arrangement seeing she constantly received from me all kinds of small presents and had for the asking any sweetmeat or movie under the moon-although, of course, I index fondly demand an additional kiss, or even a whole collection of assorted caresses, when I knew she coveted very badly some pointedness of juvenile amusement (Nabokov 183-184).Lolita becomes, in effectand as a result of forces br ought relentlessly to bear on her essentially vital and resilient nature, she is a live-in upon of the most venal nature. O Reader Laugh not, as you imagine me, on the very wrack of joy noisily emitting dimes and quarters, and great big smooth dollars like some sonorous, jingly and wholly demented machine vomiting riches and in the margin of that leaping epilepsy she would firmly clutch a handful of coins in her little fist (Nabokov 184).That understated little fist line is the moral center of this passage. Lolita is still a child. Whatever her learned capacity for quick bargaining, what she losesand what she knows she is losingby her required performance of sexually paradisal philters is the carefree childhood to which she is entitled by the developmental norms of her society.Even in school. Lolita experiences great trouble connecting with the boys in the way her teachers feel she should. She displays behavior that is really differently from the other girls. This also strengthen s the fact of the argument that Humbert is in possession of her sexuality, and she cannot do anything about it. Dolly Haze, she said is a lovely child but, the onset of sexual maturing seems to give her trouble (Nabokov 193).Humbert deprives Lolita of every possibility of salutary contact with males her own age. In fact he deprives her of perform any and all activities that will drive her away from his desires for addictive gratification. Part of this is his fear that Lolita will tell other people the kind of life thay have whenever they are together.Participation in school theatricals becomes a particular source of tension for Humbert. This issue is resolved, in typical fashion, by an unusually exciting favor. During a visit to her school, Humbert comes to a classroom where Dolly is quietly studying in the company of another girl. I sat beside Dollyand unbuttoned my overcoat and for sixty-five cents nonnegative the permission to participate in the school play, had Dolly put her i nky, chalky, red-knuckled hand under the desk (Nabokov 198).

What is Man in Civilized Society?

Jean Jacques Rousseau was a French philosopher whose disposition on hu soldiery nature took him into the vantage of troopss birth and his existence on this earth. Rousseaus Discourse On Inequality is a developwork forcet of the man from freedom to his virtual and self-importance induced knuckle d makery. In a quest to attain the materialistic possessions, he had lost his own freedom, which was earlier, the part of his existence. Man in his state of nature slowly demonstrable himself into a state of artificiality. His whole existence depends upon the fulfilment of his unending needs on the basis of which lies his relationship with former(a)s in the indian lodge and in environment.This dependency makes him slave to the separates for whom he matters the most. This aspect of human nature Rousseau discourses on the Origin of Inequality. All men are born equal yet there is dissimilitude among them and how this inequality among people originated, the answer to it is found in our his tory. When the startle man, after getting hold of a piece of ground, confirmed with pride, This is mine, (Rousseau, 431) and found turnaround people believed him he had already laid foundation of civilized society.It is a society whereby in all men are striving to attain maximum fruits provided by nature save it is also a fact that this is not possible without the assistance of otherwises. Every one is isolated yet all of them are mutually dependent upon individually other and subsequently these are reciprocal needs that unite them. It is also known fact that it is almost very difficult to put a man under subjugation unless he is first put into the position where by he is incapable of doing things without others.Before the man had started learning to work in groups, the first thing man mostly cared for was his own matter of existence and another was his own self preservation. He only mandatory whatever the nature provided him with and he lettered it with his own instincts. Hunger and eagerness to know what is happening around him undecided him to different other expressive styles to sustain on this Earth and among them was the way by which he could propagate his species. This act in him was quite insensitive in nature and without passion.When they were satisfied, both the sexes need not know from for each one one other and plain children forgot their mothers. Primitive man was not totally ignorant about the ways to utilize natural resources to his advantage but briefly he got exposed to many difficulties and the time came when he had to learn various ways to counter these difficulties comparable fruit laden tall trees making it impossible for him to collect them contention with other groups who were more eager to collect the fruits from these trees and the need to counter furious looking and dangerous tribes man.He adopted his own routine exercises as he had to be very swift, and very vigrous in nature with strong physique. He started the use o f stones and sticks to create weapons and with his new profound discovery, man embarked his journey to conquer all the obstacles that came in his way and in many situations indemnified himself as a consequence of his defeat against much stronger than himself. As human race grew in large number, mans needs also grew and subsequently there were number of changes in his way of living.These changes could be due to long winters and extremely hot summers which destroyed the fruits. These hardships expertness have induced the man to discover something new and this light-emitting diode to formation of an industry. At the seashore, man invented hook line. He also became fish eater and consumed a large number of fish. Then in the forests, he invented bows and arrows and became warrior. Lightenning or volcano must have induced in him the idea of generating electricity.First he l bring in to preserve whatever knowledge or expertise he considered useful to him, like learning ways to preserve th e elements of nature, later the way to re win these elements and the system to cook the flesh of wights on fire he was initially eating raw and slowly he was able to overcome all the obstacles posed by the nature to maintain his survival. As more civilizations made their appearance felt across the globe, mans dangers increase and he began to show more strength towards his protection and care.All his characteristics like strength, weakness, slow speed, fearfulness and boldness changed according to the needs and increased his intensity to take the precautions necessary for his security. These traits in him also increased his power of reasoning according to the nature and the rules of his own area. He began to judge others in the same way he would judge himself and understood the way they eyeshot and acted in conformity to his own. The experiences also taught him the love for others and the complexities in various relationships.He began to get word how their mutual interests would satiate in his dependence on the other men of his own area, and he also began to realize how their conflicting interests would make him suspicious of others. In the case where he thought his mutual interest lied, he would create temporary association with others, where no member has any restrictions and in later case, every one would seek their own self interest. In this way, men began to understand to work in a mutual cooperation with each other and advantages in fulfilling them and slowly they began to understand to adopt language.For them at that stage, the language of rooks or monkeys was enough to help them communicate with each other. Through cries, gestures and with some sounds, they were able to send their messages across and with the passing of time, they began to articulate the sounds to form their own languages but they were totally imperfect and rude. These advancements led them further to develop themselves and now they neither slept under the tree nor in the caves but they invented hard and sharp stones they would dug inside the earth, cut wood and mould out huts from them.This was the beginning of the first revolution but with this revolution also began the humans journey towards his very complex and hard relations with the other human beings. Stronger men were able to build their huts first , followed by weaker ones who found themselves safer to imitate them. This was the beginning of the society, when human beings started feeling various emotions that would attach them to each other and from then on, there was a beginning of family relationships, humanity, love and affection.Each family became a small society, and united to each other to attain maximum satisfaction in their personal lives and in their union with each other. The women confined in their homes and men went to the world outside to sustain their lives. This was the beginning of dependency not only among opposite sexes but also among other fellow beings. With this, their needs als o began to increase and to meet these needs, they had to adopt and acquire different qualities and skills in relationship to others and also among each other.As said by Rousseau, the society in its beginning stages and the relations already established among men required in them qualities different from those they derived from their primitive constitution. (Rousseau, 435) instanter the men were no longer contended with rustic huts, they were not making their own clothes with skins of animals or thorns of fish bones but required labor of others to produce for them luxuries they never dreamt of. This need led to the requirement of labor and dependency of man on each other. Each man relied on each other for fulfillment of his unending needs and desires.Population also began to rise and many civilizations developed which acquired lands and were confined within the precinct of their own boundaries, but this was not a limit because civilizations go along to grow and with each growth, th ey acquired more and more land. The lust of acquisitions for more land and hope for a revenue from agriculture made it the most costly and priceless commodity. More and more forests began to be transformed into fields needed to be watered and tilled with mens sweat and with this slavery and misery were soon seen to germinate and grow with the crops. (Rousseau, 436). Metallurgy and agriculture and the lust for more possession of these two forms of art developed jealously and pride in the man. The necessity for gaining the knowledge of other art forms arose to give agriculture a boost. While one man was needed to forge the iron, the other was needed to feed them. When workers increased in metallurgy, the workers in the agriculture got reduced, as they got involved in extraction of metals and since some needed food in transfer of iron, barter system came into existence- food in exchange of product and vice versa.The things would have been in the state of the balance if the equal amou nt of food and minerals had been developed but this was not the case. The people who were stronger in the society were doing majority of work the skillful of all were turning this opportunity to better their position and the most ingenious were make up ones minding the way to reduce the labor, for e. g. farmer needed iron the most and the blacksmith needed wheat and if both of them performed equal amount of labor but by putting equal amount of labor, one earned a lot while the other hardly had enough to eat. Thus it is that natural inequality imperceptibly manifests itself together with inequality occasioned by the socialization process. (Rousseau, 437) It is these occupational differences which enabled men to be more noticeable and more effective, and influenced the fate of others. Man began to develop their own imagination and mental power to decide on some(prenominal) activities. He fruitfully developed several forms of art for his own purpose and the development of these vari ous arts gave him his own rank and position in his own area of working.And he had established himself not just on the basis of the production of goods and services but also on the virtue of his own qualities like beauty, clever mind, strength, skills, and also his other merits and talents. These qualities in him enticed him to prove himself in the society as best in terms how he had made himself and the society to move forward economically, socially and independently, but he too began to show himself more than what he could achieve to his advantage. This trait in him became quite a dangerous marriage offer as it entails ostentation, deceptiveness, cunningness and all the vices that would make a man slave.Rousseau was quite right when he said that On the other hand, although man had previously been free and independent, we find him, so to speak, subject, by virtue of a multitude of fresh needs, to all of nature and particularly to his fellowmen, whose slave in a sense he becomes ev en in becoming their master rich, he needs their services poor he needs their help and being midway between wealth and privation does not put him in a position to get along without them. (Rousseau, 437) What followed was based on the simple fact that man is a social animal and required one person or the other to make him meet and fulfill his needs.But when the most powerful and the weakest try to make the most of each others strengths and weaknesses what entails is the unbridled passion for the usurpations of wealth by whatever means and this greed, lust and power make one man dominate the other, alleviate there is no possibility of going on without each other. This is an essence of human civilization and it holds true in 21st century also no matter how advanced scientifically and technologically it is, the man is and would remain slave to his fellowmen.

Parents in Islam Essay

All the praise and glory be doggeds to Allah swt who is the Sustainer and Cherisher of the worlds.The closest meaning of the name Rab is sustainer and cherisher. Allah swt is Rab in the global sense. He is the Rab of every living and non-living particle of any size that exists in this whole universe. All the sovereignty of heaven and world belongs only to Him.Allah swt at various places in the Holy playscript invites, dictates and warns the people of all religions and races to love, respect and to be compassionate with the Parents. He educates the man chassis a limited sense of dignity, honor and respect to be given to the parents. Undoubtedly He is the ultimate authority and the cherisher but in order to fate the importance of the parents He goes on to say in Sura-e-Kahf (1724) Qul rabbir ham huma kama rabbayani saghira which means He instructs the mankind to pray for them by calling O my Lord Have mercy on them (my parents) as they cherished me when I was little.Here He wants the mankind to understand the magnitude of dignity, honour and respect that parents deserve by calling them as a cherisher even after the fact that He being the ultimate cherisher. He elevated their position to a very high degree by explaining to mankind that the parents share what I do in terms of sustaining and cherishing the children when they are little. Although the word Rab used here is in a specific sense and to show the high degree of importance of the parents to the mankind, He is actually commanding mankind to honor and respect their parents exactly in the same manner as atomic number 53 would honor and respect Allah swt himself. This obedience is only in terms of honor & respect and non in terms of prostration and prayers (ibadat). The prayer (ibadat) is only do specific to Allah swt.There are many places in Holy Quran & traditions of Masoomeen (a.s.) that addresses the issue of special honor and respect to be given to the parents and they uphold a special and elevated position in the eyes of Islam.There is an authentic hadith that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) said Paradise is under the feet of the mothersIn some other tradition he reinforcedThe pleasure of parents is the pleasure of Allah, and the anger of parents is the anger of Allah.Amirul Momineen Imam Ali (a.s.) explained Honoring parents is angiotensin converting enzyme of the noblest characteristics.Imam Sadiq (a.s.) explained If a person desires a long life and blessings, he must honor his parents and stay in contact with kin.Imam Reza (a.s.) said The Almighty Allah commands that thanks be given to Him and to parents. Whoever fails to thank his parents does not thank Allah.The divine Imams (a.s.) even warned us from misbehavior and disobedience to the parents. The sixth Imam Sadiq (AS) said Disobedience towards the parents is a heinous sin, for Allah has made the disobedient one rebellious and hard.He also warned, The mildest form of ill conduct towards parents is uff, and if Allah knew s omething lesser than that, He would have forbidden it.While explaining the verse, And lower unto them the wing of submission through and through mercy (Al-Quran 1724), sixth Imam (a.s.) said When you look at them, do not fill your eyes with anything else but mercy and sympathy, and do not raise your voice above their voice, and do not put your hand above theirs, and do not go in front of themCommenting upon the ayat, And say kind words unto them, Imam al Sadiq (a.s.) said If they strike you, say to them May Allah forgive you both.Thus, it is incumbent on us to abide by the teachings of Holy Quran and to be steadfast & follow the teachings of Ahlul-Bayt (a.s.). Disobeying parents is disobeying the verses of Holy Quran & denying the teachings of Masoomeen (a.s.). This is making mockery of Allahs commands and Allah swt warns those peopleThe warning not to take the communications of Allah for mockery, Baqarah, 2231Evil was the end of those who rejected the communications of Allah and mo cked at them, Room 3010Do not sit with people who mock at the communications of Allah otherwise you will end in Hell with them, Nisa, 4140Thus it is very important to abide by the command of Allah swt that says, Your Lord has commanded that you hero-worship none but Him, and be kind to parents. If either or both of them reach old age with you, do not say uff to them or yack them, but speak to them in terms of honor and kindness. Treat them with humility, and say, My Lord Have mercy on them, for they did care for me when I was little (1723)

Advanced Organizational Behavior

Change can non be avoided because of the competition that is there today in the world of business. Businesses can non survive with unwrap changing their strategies, products, policies, etc. according to the date and situation. However, changing anything about an presidential term requires a lot of planning.This is why it is necessary that a systemized method is followed when a limiting is being applianceed as this decreases the chances of devising faulty decisions. This paper aims to present a change model that I believe is ideal for each type of giving medication and go away surely bring forth the positive outcomes of change.DiscussionA change model is a systemized process of implementing change in a business. Change is real crucial for every type of organization because this facilitates the organization into making better decisions.Therefore, we need a step-by-step process which leaves no room for errors or misjudgments in the entire sensitive process of implementing cha nge. There is not a fixed change model since the nature of changes that take place also differ. This is the reason why different change models are use by organizations and they handle it differently.The change model developed in this paper consists of nine steps. This model has been selected as my change agent because this model takes into consideration each and every step of the change process from accepting the need for change to document the process and conclusions. It is very detailed and discusses every aspect of the change process which leaves a very low chance of making faulty judgments at any stage.The management and leadership can support the change model discussed by rely the squad selected for the change process with only necessary decision making. It could delegate the police squad members with maximum work. The input on the offend of management could include ensuring that the group does not ignore any values of the organization in the entire change process by moni toring every step.The input on part of the employees and the staff which would support the change model involves them to be ready to accept the changes in operations that would be the result of the change process. It can be encouraging during the entire change process by being less resistant to change and innovation. They must be motivated and must trust the process carried out by the change process team. The eight steps change model is as following.Accepting that there is a Need for ChangeThe first step to effectively implement a change is to always accept the fact that there is a need for change. This step involves creating awareness of the need for change among anyone and everyone related to the change that is occurring (Change care Learning Center, 2008). This step helps build the energy needed to do something. It makes an organization realize the need to take meet and motivates it to be strong.This strength and motivation is very necessary as change is a big step and every m ember of the organization must be able to handle it. Usually non-homogeneous groups at bottom an organization are not willing to accept change because this means switching from the everyday routine. This step also makes all those who are not willing to accept change ready for implementation of change.This step is the fuel needed to ignite the process of implementing change (Koberg and Bagnall, 2003). There is not much action involved in the step of accepting that there is a need for change. The organization must inform everyone related to this about the need to change and that something necessitate to be done about it. The organization at this point must ask itself what change is needed and why?Creating a Guiding CoalitionOnce the need for change has been accepted, the organization must move to the next step of creating a team that will guide the entire organization towards achieving this goal (Kotter, 1996).There must a team that is responsible for this as such a team would plan the process of change and ensure that the organization is moving towards its goals and everything is going as it was planned initially. The organization must ensure that the people selected for the team are ideal for the situation.These people must be committed to the change process and must have the ripe skills necessary for the process. This team will develop the entire change process from planning to evaluation therefore whatever the team members decide will retard the fate of the company. The team members must have the skills to carry out this process in the most efficient and careful manner.Defining the NeedOnce the need for change has been realized within the organization and a team has been selected which be responsible for implementing the change within the organization, the need for change must be defined. This process is absolutely necessary because in order to effectively deal with a situation, one postulate to have full knowledge about what exactly one is dealing wit h.Without knowing this, the team responsible for implementing the change will never be able to approach the change with the most effective strategy. Consequently, the third step is defining the fuss. This step involves identifying what needs to be change and why? It must also recognize what will be accomplished once the change is executed and everyones role in the entire process.Generating a Range of ApproachesThe next step involves coming up with a range of strategies that can be utilise to work out change. It is not sensible to concentrate on only one approach as this could lead to flawed judgments. The change process team must consider all the possible approaches before it decides on which one is the most effective as this will increase the probability of the team selecting the most effective strategy. In this step, a range of possible solutions must be generated and all of them will be considered.Selecting the Appropriate ApproachAfter all the approaches have been generated, e ach approachs pros and cons will be evaluated separately. This evaluation will help the organization prioritize the solutions according to their effectiveness. The organization will consider each one approach and will look into the constitute benefit analysis of each one. It will consider how each approach will help them and what will be its drawbacks.Once this is done, whichever approach seems the most effective will be selected by the team. The criteria necessary for an approach to be appropriate largely depends on the situation, but generally, the approach must be practical, manageable, long term and of syllabus relevant to the situation. The selected approach will then be applied to implement the change process.Implementing the ApproachThis step is the most important step in the entire problem solving process because this is actually where the change is implemented. The fact that implementing change is very sensitive has already been established and this is why this step of im plementing the approach is very crucial.As a result, the change process team needs to be patient during this step which is applying the solution. A sensible approach to implementation could be to plan the approach in extensive detail before hand in order to avoid any kind of mess ups.Collecting Data Regarding the Implementation ResultThe next step is to stack away data related to the implementation of the change approach. This data depends on the situation but in a case where the change was made in the merchandising strategy, the data would be change in sales as a result of that change.Another example of data collected at this stage would be if the product process was changed, the data would be regarding the change in productivity as a result of the approach of the result used. This data will be used by the organization in the following steps.

Anatomy, Atoms, Cells

Please define the terms anatomy and physiology. Explain the connection between anatomy and physiology within the human remains basically how do they influence one another? Then using the terminology of the anatomical landmarks/regions and directional terms, please write 2 example sentences with proper usage. For example, the armpit region is superior to the cubital region of the body.Anatomy is the study of internal and external structure and the physical relationship between body parts (which fashion cutting open). Physiology is the study of how living organisms perform their vital rights ( Another word for Greek). The connection between anatomy and physiology within the human body is that structure and die hard be always presented. You can not have physiology without anatomy because physiology is the study of the function of anatomical structures. Two examples 1.) The Abdomen is located in the Epigastria region of the body. 2.) The sura is inferior to the hips.2.Compare and c ontrast the two feedback mechanisms our bodies use to fight back homeostasis. What would happen if our thermoregulation (temperature control) used a positive feedback to maintain homeostasis?There are two feedback mechanisms our body uses to maintain homeostasis, they are negative feedback and positive feedback. Both feedbacks signal a response to the situation. Negative feedback however will correct the situation where positive feedback drags the process on or exaggerates the situation. If our thermoregulation used a positive feedback to maintain homeostasis our system would start to fail, malfunction or even produce a disease. This is because homeostasis would not be up to(p) to fully compensate itself correctly.3.Please define pH and briefly describe the pH scale. Do you think all of our body fluids (stomach juice or blood, as examples) are the same pH? Why or why not? How do pH changes affect protein (enzyme) function? How could this interfere with the bodys physiology?pH is t he negative exponent of the hydrogen ion concentration, expressed in moles per liter. The pH scale is a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral. pH above 7 is called basic or alkaline, pH below 7 is sulfurous. I do not think that all our body fluids are the same pH because some things have extreme acidic some are neutral and some are extremely basic. pH changes the shape and enzymes functions start to deteriorate. This is because the pH shifts out of normal limits. This could interfere with out bodys physiology by slowing down the reactions to support life. It could alter our chemical reactions to make them permanently change itself.4.The plasma tissue layer (cell membrane) is a dynamic percentage of the cell. What is the plasma membrane composed (made) of? Compare and contrast active and passive transport.Plasma membrane is composed of phospholipids, steroids, proteins and carbohydrates. Passive transport moves ions or molecules across the plasma membrane without any energy expenditu re by the cell. Active transport is the high energy bond in APT provides the energy needed to move ions or molecules across the membrane. Both active and passive transport can provide for the Carrier-Mediated Transport.5.What would happen to the cell and body function if there were damage to the mitochondria? impairment to the Ribosomes? Damage to the DNA? Damage to the receptors on the plasma (cell) membrane?If there were damage to the mitochondria the cell and body function would lose energy. This is because mitochondrion is a organelles that provides energy to a cell. If there were damage to the Ribosome the cell and body function would lose manufacture proteins. If there were damage to the DNA the cell and body function would not be able to collect genes or hold the information needed to synthesize thousands of proteins. If there is damage to the receptors on the plasma membrane the cell and body function wouldlose the ability to bind materials together or trigger the cells act ivity.

“Figures of Speech Are Sometimes Used to Effectively Convey a Sense of Place.”

Figures of speech are sometimes used to effectively convey a sense of place. Explain and evaluate how this is achieved in text 22 and one different text of your choice. Text 22 and text 23 both use figures of speech to effectively convey a sense of place. Text 22 is a private diary in second person singular, this is a positive view on travel, the generators attitudes and personality emerges with exuberance, energy and enthusiasm for the people she meets and the landscape she sees. The audience of this text are middle-aged writers particularly women.The primary innovation is to describe and the secondary purpose is to entertain. In contrast, text 23 is a third person narrative travel article from a magazine, the audience of this text is educated travellers and people interested in travel. The purpose of this text is primarily to inform, and secondarily to entertain (similarly to text 22). A negative and positive view of travel is expressed by the writer in text 23. Text 22 uses figures of speech like personification and metaphors to convey a sense of place.Personification is used to describe the maneuver Crag, Helm Crag rose very bold and craggy, a being by itself It is becoming a part of the beautiful surroundings described by the writer of the diary or maybe a monster as the adjectives bold and craggy are not blissful. The metaphor, the river came galloping past the church brings the river to life describing it like a horse, a horse is quite a pleasant spirited animal meaning the view of the writer was that of positivism towards horses maybe she rode horses regularly or even possess one, this shows the personality of the writer and her positive view on the nature and her surroundings.Also the metaphor, the ashes glittering spears with their upright stems this extra information in a long analyzable sentence brings life and personality to the trees, the writer obviously sees the nature of her landscape more alive and closer to her than her friends, as s he describes the nature surrounding her more positively than her friends mentioned for example, Mr and Mrs Olliff drank tea and supped with us Whereas, text 23 uses a variety of figures of speech like metaphors, hyperbole, similes and imagery to convey a sense of place.The metaphor, unparalleled network of close to maintenance free highways describes the comparison between the rivers of Africa and the British motorways. But the Zaire River is different to British motorways in shape the rivers of Africa are curved and winding. In addition, undreamed descriptive imagery is used, revenge glistening in its green eyes this negative imagery describes the crocodiles as evil and avenging.Hyperbole is used, screaming traders jammed the other the over-exaggerated verb screaming is used to show the extent of the vocal chords used by the traders, and the attitudes and desperate feelings of the traders which the writer emphasises through this quotation. The simile, toted like furry purses is u sed to describe the mishap of the monkeys and the cruelty the animals mentioned had suffered. Comparing the white-nosed monkeys to purses emphasises the attitudes of the capitalist traders just looking for profit.

Ellasaurus Product Essay

Ellen allow for put on some copyrighted illustrations from her books on the Website. She allow also include themes from the story lines of her books in some of the games that will be available (free) on the site to registered visitors. What are at least two understanding post issues that might arise in the operation of the website? The first intellectual issue in the operation of the website will be in relation to the copyrighted illustration and capabilitys which will be used on the website.Ellen will need to ensure that such use of copyrighted content does not violate intellectual property laws and due permission and authorization is taken from the owners of such copyrighted content, ie, the publisher of the books. Secondly, the games used on the website should be proprietary and if such games are taken from another(prenominal) website, permission from the owner of such content should be taken in advance. Ellen cannot display any proprietary or copyrighted content from anot her website or from any other source.Permission should be taken in advance and legal formalities should be completed before using any such material. What are some of the potential respectable issues that Ellen faces because of the dates of her intended audience? The primary ethical issue, due to the age of the target audience, is that the content of the website should be cautiously developed so as to ensure that it is fully appropriate for the children and kids visiting the website.The owner of the websites should be ethically conscious in creating content that does not impart any wrong message to small kids and should elevate their knowledge and does not result in any harm. For example, the site should not display pornographic content. What are some of the laws with which the site must comply with when it registers site visitors under the age of 13? What are some recommendations regarding how Ellen can top hat comply with those laws? One of the laws is that the site does not k nowingly collect or coquet Personally Identifiable Information from or about children under 13 except as permitted by law.Another one is that Company will not disclose information collected from children under the age of thirteen (13) (or from adults for that matter) to third parties unless indicated otherwise or in special cases where Company has reason to believe that manifestation is necessary to identify, contact or bring legal action against someone who may be causation injury to or interference (whether intentionally or unintentionally) with Companys rights or property or anyone else who may be harmed by such actions or if required by lawEllen can best comply with such laws by hiring the services of a lawyer or legal professional who has evidential expertise with cyber laws.

Dekalb County School System teaching Essay

Fourteen years in the Dekalb County School System teaching special education makes Dr. Monica ReVonda Ellerbe a strong believer in the nourish of parents involvement in the education of their children, especially in the elementary years. The home has to be an extension of school, in a way that parents have to be aware of what their children are being taught on a perfunctory basis, so there would be less punish referrals on the part of their teachers, Ellerbe says.Her doctorate in Education, curriculum and Instruction from Argosy University in Sarasota, Florida was secured after having formalized and documented how learning in some American schools is do more effective due to the intervention of students parents, since such familial attention can address discipline concerns. Ellerbe, who obtained a bachelors degree in Psychology from Saint Augustines College in pairing Carolina and an M. A.in Behavioral Disorders from the Clark Atlanta University, also believes that parents and teachers role is not only to provide knowledge to children, unless to point out opportunities for them to develop themselves. Parents, after all, are students first and lifelong teachers. As the mother of Chandler Myers Ellerbe, the missy of loving parents John and Dorothy, and an education specialist, Monica definitely walks the talk. Even with several feathers in my cap, my role in the family is what I most take pride in, she says. But I think my knowledge in education permeates in all aspects of my life. As a holistic educator, however, Ellerbe does not limit her academic interests in behavior and parental involvement. She has also received certifications in ESOL endorsement, gifted endorsement, language arts, mathematics and social science. She is also involved in several professional organizations namely Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, National Education Association (NEA), tabun Association of Educators (GAE), Organization of Dekalb Educators (ODE), Georgia Association of Gifte d Children (GAGC) and Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL).

Case analysis for Hyundai Card Essay

As a latterlycomer in Korean quote waggle market, Hyundai carte has gradually increased the market parcel of land since it entered the business in 1999. With its tie with Hyundai motor group, the party branded itself as Hyundai M instrument panel. It started off by attracting buyer to consider using the measure to purchase Hyundai cable car by offering discount. In later stages, the teleph iodinr has adopted the guest segmentation dodge to diversify its target groups of clients.With the emphasis on market segmentation based on various groups of taunt holders, utilizing clients witticism usage data, it has led to the unique customized service via alphabet humor marketing activities. The strategy has led to great mastery, Hyundai Card received a procedure One ranking in the Koreas National Customer Satisfaction Index.The Korean address identity card market has experienced a current of overheating due to a rapid expansion in the number of cards, reduced standards f or issuing cards, etcetera However, in recent years, Korean government has tighten up the policy in the credit card indus pronounce, and it results in lower % perishs for the card issuer. The market has become saturated, consumers be having too many different options in card for different needs. But the fact is that most people be only using 1 or 2 cards, and the rising cost of operating business in any case presents an area of concern for major(ip) card player care Hyundai Card.BackgroundHyundai Card is a credit card go with in South Korea. Hyundai Motor Group and GE Capital are two of their largest shareholders. The participation entered the credit card business in 1999 through the acquisition of Diners Card as a subsidiary. In 2001, the cards name was changed to Hyundai Card.Credit card business in South Korea is a competitive market. harmonise to a report of The Economist, Korea has the equivalent of 4.4 cards for everymember of the labor force. And Koreans made frequen t exitings with credit card, on average, each Korean swipes card for 129.7 times in 2011. That number has well exceeded Ameri tooshies (77.9) and Canadians (89.6).Hyundai Card is the fourth biggest credit card issuer in South Korea. As per stats in May 2007, it captures a 9.96% share of the market. The Korean credit card market is led by Koomin (16.21%), LG (16.08%), Samsung (12.33). Among the major players in the credit card market, Hyundai is considered as a latecomer.Current SituationHyundai card has continued to increased its market share in the competitive Korean market. As per stats at the end of 2012, Hyundai Card had a market share of 14.3%. And Hyundai Card has also received a steady-going market character being ranked as Number One in the Koreas National Customer Satisfaction Index.Critical Marketing IssueThe credit card industry has underwent an adjustment period. Credit card company experience a growth in the number of late payment and bad debts. And the card market has become saturated, as there are too many card products in the market, which card caters for different need. In fact, most card holder only uses 1 or 2 credit card to purchase. Another is the political factor of the change government policy, it has also present a problem to card issuers as they are having lower % of return in the business. In 2012, the government barred card companies from extracting higher fees from smaller merchants. And it also make it easier for customer to compare interest rates across products and harder for less credit worthy borrowers to spend beyond their means. As a result, many card issuing companies started to cut the cipher and become more conservative in doing their card business.Alternative Solutions1. Try to move out of the business by transporting it to a fitted buyerPros If the company can find a suitable buyer and sell the business at a good price, once and for all, the company does not need to face the problem in the market. The proceed of selling the business may help raise substantial fund capital and enable the company to invest in other business with higher return.Cons With the end of the credit card business era, Hyundai may suffer certain degree of reputational loss in the domestic market, people may start to mystify about the future of the company, it may cause bigger problem to other core business such(prenominal) as the automobile business.2. Down size the business by cutting costPros The company can remain as a player in local card business, and the company can portion out additional budget to invest in other areas of business with higher returnCons With less budget allocated, the company may start to lose the status as one of the four biggest player in Korean card business3. Stay aggressive in card business but try harder to expand the international marketPros While the company remains its presence in its domestic market, the company will develop more profit growing point in overseas marketCons The ske pticism in less mature overseas market may not guarantee profit, it can also lead to unexpected loss for the companyDecision MatrixThree options may be good options for different companies. For prestigiousbrand name like Hyundai Motor and GE, it is always not a all-knowing choice to come up with a answer with the aim of securing short term profit at the expense of sacrificing the brand equity. As a late comer to the card market, Hyundai card has experienced success by capturing larger market share. And the good reputation of customer satisfaction is also an important asset. and so there is no way for the company to sell or downsize their business. With less promising future in the local market, the company should start to concentrate to fathom into other markets in order to develop more profit growing points and remain as a leading brand name in the credit card business. The company has the experience in automobile business in overseas and relevant expertness in Korean credit ca rd, those are the intensiveness that can help the company to capture the opportunities in those less mature market at the like minimizing the chance of failure.RecommendationTarget MarketsMainland China, other ontogeny South East Asia countriesPositioningWith its tie with the branded name in Hyundai Motor, it should position itself as one of the premium brand in the market.Marketing Mix Elements ( 4 Ps)Price Should aim at customers at high end with high social statusProduct Black and Purple card are issued for high social status people in Korea, it can also be used in other marketsPromotion Seek cooperation with branded companies such as winery, golf club,etc. Try to offer card holder with incentive using the card to purchasePlace Golf club, luxury suitesEvaluation The company should conduct effective marketing survey at least once a year to mensurate the effectiveness of marketing campaign and the overall strategyConclusionFor prestigious brand name like Hyundai Motor and GE, i t is always not a wise choice to come up with a solution with the aim of securing short term profit at the expense of sacrificing the brand equity. As a late comer to the card market, Hyundai card has experienced success by capturing larger market share. And the good reputation of customer satisfaction is also an important asset. Therefore there is no way for the company to sell or downsize their business. With less promising future in the local market, the company should start to concentrate to penetrate into other markets in order to develop more profit growing points and remain as a leading brand name in the credit card business. The company has the experience in automobile business in overseas and relevant expertise in Korean credit card, those are the strength that can help the company to capture the opportunities in those less mature market at the same minimizing the chance of failure.BibliographyHyundaiCards Marketing Strategy, by Chan Soo Park and Ronald D. Camp II, 2009Hyun dai internet home page (http//ir.hyundaicard.com/ceh/ho/cehho0101_01.hc)http//totalidentity.com/hyundai-card-innovation-growth-activation-rebrandinghttp//www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21589470-it-getting-harder-make-money-worlds-most-prolific-card-users-swipe

Porter Five Forces Airlines Essay

Threats of Substitutes (Low)Product that able to represent separate product function derriere be defined as substitute product (Wheelen and Hunger, 2002). Currently, there are no sodding(a) substitutes for respiratory tract service, as air hose service has the best range of destination, time-efficient and convenience. However, the fact that trains and air-transports are substitute is true, but the terror pass on only be high if its applied in domestic travel. Currently, the threat of substitutes for air passage industry is low. In regards to the threats, Airline Company should keep innovate their service to prevent a perfect substitute.2.2.2 motive of Buyer (Moderate-Low)The might of buyer can be defined as the exponent of customers to equal an industry. This view has been supported in the work of Coulter (2008). The bargaining power of buyer in air lane industry is relatively low because the number of buyers for this service is enormous and keeps increasing (IATA, 2010) . Additionally, due to different oddity of countries, customers tend to go overseas for particular purpose that the destination country is good at (i.e. great(p) of Singapore good at Medication), subsequently, going overseas somehow is becoming part of the lifestyle today. Hence, this can as well as be seen as the service is essential for particular customers which further down the bargaining power of buyer. looking at at a nonher factor which is internet, it allows customers to easily make a comparison through information and hurt transparency and switch to other skyway service. Overall, the bargaining power of buyer is still moderate to low, so organization can take this opportunity to provide excellent service and charge premium price.2.2.3 Power of Supplier (High)According to Collis and Montgomery (1997), power of supplier can be defined as the ability of suppliers to affect an industry. The power of suppliers in airline industry is relatively high, as fuel is one of the primary(prenominal) attributes for airline service. This can be seen as the price of jet fuel price has risen 8% from January while the usage of airline keeps increasing (IATA, 2010). In addition, as the availability of substitute for fuel has not been found the bargaining power of supplier is still high. However, theavailability of jatropha-based- fuel result soon be available substituting the jet-fuel-based which will reduce the bargaining power of supplier in the future (Bloomberg aptitude Finance, 2012). Moreover, the bargaining power of suppliers in airline industry is also reduced by the availability of internet. By the use of internet, one can purchase their supplies from suppliers around the world without any geographical boundaries. Hence, currently the power of supplier in this industry is high. In this case, airline firms whitethorn want to create good and immense term relationship with their suppliers to gain advantages.2.2.4 Threats of New Entrants (Low)Threats of ne w entrants are the effect from possible entrants that affects an industry. According to lynch (2009), potential entrants often come to marketplace when the barrier to entry is low and when profit margins are great. In airline service industry, the barrier is relatively high due to requirements of high capital in unveiling the industry (i.e. investment on terminal and airplane). Furthermore, as there are already several unanimous players in the industry, it is hard to enter and established at the market because brand identity in airline service need to be good and clear as it is involved with safety (customers will not use unknown airlines as it would be risky). Therefore, it will force the new entrants to drop dead extra capital to advertise more to fight the strong alert player. Overall, the threat of new entrants is low. Hence, seeing this barrier, existing firms may want to strengthen their branding to further increase the barrier to enter the industry. 2.2.5 rivalry among e xisting Firms (High)Rivalry among existing firms refers to the degree in which firm react to moves from other firms within an industry (Pearce and Robinson, 2007). Due to the evolving applied science like internet, it allows customers to switch to other company with no more than a click (i.e. moving to other airlines website), this clearly would make player in the industry to be intense. Moreover, due to needs of high investments (i.e. purchasing aircrafts and investment on the technology), it creates high barrier to exit the industry, as the aircrafts and technology that are expensive will be rendered as no-use for other business. While, for company that hire aircrafts for theirairline service also need to spend a lot of capital and usually involved with long-contract agreement and need long time to hand break-even point or gain profit. Additionally, by the arrival of budget airlines which offer value for money airline service it affects the competition in airline industry to be come more intense. Overall, the intensity of rivalry among existing firms is high. Therefore, airline firms may want to keep innovate their service and cope-up with the advancing technology so they will be able to provide advance and better service for better position at market.